What in the World

• COP30: What’s changed in the past decade for the climate?

  The COP30 climate summit is taking place in the Brazilian city of Belém for the next two weeks. It's run by the United Nations (UN) and every year is one of the biggest events in the calendar, especially for world leaders and environmental campaigners. This COP is in the Amazon rainforest. The country's president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, says it will be an historic summit because it is "a COP in the Amazon, not a COP about the Amazon". All world leaders are invited, but not all attend. US President Donald Trump, for example, won’t be there. Every year at COP countries make commitments about what they will do over the next year with the aim of reducing climate change. But this year's summit is particularly important as it marks ten years since the Paris Agreement and people will be tracking our progress. The BBC’s Georgina Rannard breaks down everything we need to know about this year’s COP. Plus Natalia Tsuyama, who’s a climate activist based in Brazil, shares why she’s feeling hopeful. Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: [email protected] WhatsApp: +44 0330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producers: Mora Morrison and Maria Clara Montoya Editor: Verity Wilde

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• How did New York’s mayor-elect Mamdani win over young people?

  New York has chosen its new mayor - Zohran Mamdani. He’s a Muslim, was born in Uganda, and loves Arsenal. He’s also pretty young. The politician has been making waves online with his social media campaign and united a huge Gen Z force behind him. From viral moments like jumping in the sea in a suit to walking the entire length of Manhattan, he’s probably appeared on your timeline. So, what made his campaign go down so well with younger voters? We speak to BBC journalist Nathalia Jimenez, who has watched all this unfold in New York. She explains whether other politicians around the world can learn from his success.We also hear from young New Yorkers and their experience taking part in some of the mayor-elect’s events, as well as Ugandans, who share what it’s like to see someone from their country go and win an American election. Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: [email protected] WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Pria Rai Producers: Imogen James and Julia Ross-Roy Editor: Verity Wilde

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• What’s being done to protect the Amazon rainforest?

  The Amazon rainforest is home to billions of trees, animals and people. It’s spread across nine countries in South America - Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela - but the majority of it, almost 60%, is in Brazil. As well as being rich in biodiversity, the Amazon is also very important in the world's fight against climate change; as it absorbs carbon dioxide and produces oxygen. But the Amazon has been declining. In fact, in 2022 Brazil set a new deforestation record for the amount of trees cut down in the rainforest in one month. This impact is being felt directly by the indigenous groups who have been living there for thousands of years, but also the world as a whole. In this episode we’re joined by Graihagh Jackson, from the BBC’s The Climate Question podcast, and Dr Erika Berenguer, who’s a Senior Research Associate at the University of Oxford and Lancaster. We chat about why the Amazon is so important, and what’s being done to protect it. This year’s climate summit Cop30 is being held in Belem, in the Amazon, for the first time. So we also discuss what impact this could have on the world’s largest rainforest. Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: [email protected] WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producer: Mora Morrison and Chelsea Coates Video producer: Baldeep Chahal Editor: Verity Wilde

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• Sudan: What’s happened in el-Fasher?

  The RSF (Rapid Support Forces) have taken the city of el-Fasher, in Darfur, from the Sudanese army. The city had been under siege by RSF fighters for 18 months, trapping hundreds of thousands of civilians and sparking a hunger crisis. Thousands are now trying to flee. And there are mounting fears of mass killings and sexual violence - some of which are feared to be ethically motivated. The civil war in Sudan has been going on since 2023. But some believe that this could be a turning point. Deka Barrow, a journalist from BBC Monitoring who’s based in Nairobi, joins us to explain why. We also hear from someone who is trapped in el-Fasher. Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: [email protected] WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producer: Mora Morrison Editor: Verity Wilde

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• AI videos just got super real - here’s how to spot them

  Sora and Vibes are making it easier than ever to make AI-generated videos. You may already be familiar with low-budget ‘AI slop’ which is creeping into TikTok and Instagram. Things like Will Smith eating spaghetti, dogs riding motorbikes, or the late Queen Elizabeth rapping. Or, maybe you enjoy POV videos - and imagining you’re an angel waking up in heaven, or the Pope in the Vatican. Now Sora, from the owners of ChatGPT, and Vibes, from Meta, are promising to take AI-generated video content to the next level. They both launched in September. So, is the internet about to change forever? How can we tell what’s real and what’s not? Is this a new age of misinformation? And should we be worried that President Donald Trump is sharing lots of these videos? The BBC’s Jacqui Wakefield joins us to share all. Plus, we hear from two students about why they love or hate AI-generated content.Thumbnail image: Reddit/minchoiInstagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: [email protected] WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Iqra Farooq Video producer: Baldeep Chahal Producers: Mora Morrison and Natalia Makohon Editor: Verity Wilde

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