Veterinary Vertex

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Your heart sinks when a dog’s CT shows a primary liver tumor plus extra lesions. Ours used to as well—until we dug into data showing how often those additional masses are actually benign. In this conversation with surgical oncologists Drs. Samuel Burkhardt and Hunter Piegols, we rethink what “multiple hepatic lesions” really means, and how that shift can change everything from pre-op counseling to what you sample in the OR.

We walk through their study design—primary liver tumors paired with additional lesions verified by surgical exploration and histopathology—and why imaging alone couldn’t separate benign from malignant with confidence. You’ll hear practical guidance on interpreting CT findings without leaping to metastasis, framing owner conversations to avoid a falsely negative outlook, and planning targeted biopsies that refine staging and inform follow-up. We also tackle the language problem: nodule versus mass. Without common definitions, clinicians and researchers risk misreading severity and muddying the literature. The case for cross-disciplinary standards and working groups is compelling.

Looking ahead, we explore tools that could improve preoperative decisions: contrast-enhanced ultrasound, more rigorous imaging criteria adapted from human medicine, and the promise of liquid biopsy and biomarkers to flag “bad actor” hepatocellular carcinomas. We discuss sample-size limits in veterinary studies, the value of multi-institutional collaboration, and related puzzles like what a solitary pulmonary nodule really means for prognosis. Along the way, you’ll pick up succinct surgical maxims, practical tips for histopath submission, and a reminder that small resets outside the clinic help us think clearly when cases get complex.

If this conversation helps you reframe your next liver case, share it with a colleague, subscribe for more evidence-based episodes, and leave a review so others can find the show.
JAVMA article: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.07.0514
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What if one of the most common vaccine rituals in small animal practice doesn’t help patients at all? We sit down with researchers Jane Sagaser and Dr. Rachael Kreisler to unpack a randomized clinical trial that tested whether replacing the needle after drawing up a canine subcutaneous vaccine improves comfort or outcomes. The result is a clear, practice-changing insight: no clinical benefit for dogs, and no reliable advantage detected by blinded injectors.

Together we explore how the team measured what matters—objective heart rate changes as a proxy for stress and a holistic, blinded reaction score at the moment of injection—while keeping the study grounded in real clinic workflows. We put long-standing beliefs under the microscope, tracing how dramatic but poorly documented images of bent needle tips shaped habits, and we connect the findings to human vaccine guidance that does not recommend needle swapping after vial puncture. Jane and Rachael also point out when replacement still makes sense: visible damage, contamination, or drops that compromise safety.

The conversation widens into sustainability, cost, and sharps volume, showing how small changes in protocol can reduce waste and needle-stick risk without sacrificing patient care. A surprising pattern pops up when the rabies vaccine is given second in the right rear limb, prompting new questions about site sensitivity, formulation effects, and the potential influence of temperature or tactile desensitization. We get candid about measurement challenges—from blood pressure cuffs to wearable heart rate sensors—and highlight the need for better species-ready tools to capture continuous physiologic data.

If you value evidence over habit, this is a guide to updating your standard operating procedures with confidence. You’ll hear practical strategies for critical appraisal, ideas for simple clinic-based studies, and a call to test assumptions rather than inherit them. Subscribe, share with your team, and leave a review to help more veterinary professionals find data that improves patient comfort, safety, and sustainability.
JAVMA article: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.10.0661
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A working dog powers through a hot training session, then stops. The clock is ticking, because core temperature can keep climbing even after the effort ends. We sit down with JAVMA student award winner Sarah Parnes to unpack a simple, field-ready strategy that changes outcomes: cool first, transport second. Using the gear most of us carry—a water bottle, a towel, a small cooler—Sara's team tested multiple methods outdoors to mirror real-world conditions. One approach stood out: a voluntary head dunk that quickly blunted the post-exercise temperature rise while other techniques only reduced heat more slowly.

We dig into why the head matters for thermoregulation, how targeted cooling may protect the brain and calm the system, and what owners can do when water is limited. If a dog won’t dunk, pouring water over the head or using a wet towel still helps, but the dunk delivered the strongest effect. We also break down the early signs of heat stress that many people miss: ears pulled back, a long curled tongue, squinting eyes, shade seeking, and sudden reluctance to move. For brachycephalic breeds like French Bulldogs and Pugs, we share prevention tactics that reduce risk on hot days, from timing exercise to creating shade and ensuring fresh water.

Sarah also opens up about the research journey, from designing realistic protocols to exploring unanswered questions—like how post-exercise drinking during a dunk may influence cooling, and what head-focused alternatives work for dogs that avoid submersion. Whether you handle working dogs or walk a weekend warrior, you’ll leave with practical tools to act fast and smart when the temperature spikes. If this conversation helps you or your dog community, subscribe, share the episode, and leave a quick review so more listeners can find these life-saving tips.
JAVMA article: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.06.0368
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A single ion is changing how we read the story of canine heart failure. We sit down with cardiologist Dr. Darcy Adin and internist–nephrology researcher Dr. Autumn Harris to unpack why hypochloremia—once dismissed as collateral damage from diuretics—now stands out as a powerful predictor of survival in dogs with stable congestive heart failure. The conversation moves from physiology to practice, showing how chloride levels map to renin–angiotensin activation, diuretic resistance, and risk, and how that knowledge can guide smarter, earlier interventions.

We trace the research arc: early work that spotlighted chloride as more than a bystander, data linking low chloride to advanced disease stages and higher diuretic needs, and the pivotal finding that hypochloremia predicts outcomes even after controlling for other variables. Along the way, we break down renal salt sensing at the macula densa, why chloride depletion ramps up neurohormonal stress, and how this affects real dogs with mitral valve disease and congestive heart failure. If you manage CHF cases, this is practical cardiology and nephrology in lockstep.

Most importantly, we translate the science into steps you can use tomorrow. We talk thresholds and trend-watching, ensuring chloride is on every chemistry panel, covering RAS inhibition, adjusting diuretic strategies to spare chloride, and when to consider chloride supplementation. We also preview active trials targeting chloride to improve diuretic responsiveness, cut hospital time, and lift quality of life. Owners get a clear takeaway too: lab values are not just numbers; they’re signals that help personalize care and extend good days.

If you care for dogs with heart failure—or love one at home—this deep dive reframes a humble electrolyte as a crucial guide. Listen, share with your team, and help push the field forward. Enjoyed the conversation? Subscribe, leave a review, and tell us how you monitor chloride in your CHF workflow.
JAVMA article: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.08.0526
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A spike in feline H5N1 cases has many of us asking the same question: how did bird flu end up in our living rooms? We sit down with author and clinician Dr. Jane Sykes to map the path from migratory birds to household pets, spotlighting the two biggest drivers of risk for cats—predation on infected wildlife and contaminated raw diets. The conversation is candid, practical, and rooted in current data, with clear guidance for veterinarians and pet owners who want to reduce danger without fear or hype.

We break down the clinical pattern that should trigger suspicion: a rapidly worsening illness with fever, lower respiratory signs, neurologic changes like ataxia or seizures, hypersalivation, and even sudden vision loss. Jane shares a step-by-step plan for what to do next: preserve the suspect diet for testing, notify local public health partners, and coordinate diagnostics through NAHLN labs with NVSL confirmation. We also unpack why household cases typically arise from common exposure rather than cat-to-cat spread, and why ending raw feeding across the home is the first and most effective intervention. The oseltamivir question comes up too; Jane weighs the risks, pharmacologic unknowns, and stewardship concerns around antivirals in cats.

Listeners get concise takeaways: cooked diets are safer, indoor life or secure catios cut exposure, and detailed dietary histories matter more than ever because many raw products look like pasteurized foods. We touch on the evolving clade 2.3.4.4b, the possibility of reassortment in cats, and why dogs appear more resistant yet still susceptible to infection. Jane points to the research we still need—serology to find silent infections, better food-chain surveillance, and communication tools that help us talk about diet without blame. Subscribe, share with a colleague or pet-loving friend, and leave a quick review to help more people find evidence-based guidance on companion animal health.
JAVMA article: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0388
Washington Post article: https://wapo.st/49isM8M
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